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15th Cycle (2010)
In 2010, the UN Trust Fund to End Violence against Women issued its 15th Call for Proposals to support the implementation of laws, policies and action plans on ending violence against women and girls. A total of 2,572 concept notes were received with requests totaling USD 1.2 billion. Following an extensive and rigorous review process, the UN Trust Fund awarded USD 17.1 million to 22 initiatives in 34 countries.
Africa (8) | Americas and the Caribbean (4) | Arab States (1) Asia and the Pacific (6) | Europe and Central Asia (2) | Cross-Regional (1)
Acknowledgments: The UN Trust Fund is grateful for contributions from UN Member States and other donors. Governments that have contributed for the 2010 grant-making cycle include Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Austria, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Liechtenstein, the Netherlands, Spain, and the United States of America. The UN Trust Fund also received support from the private sector, non-governmental organizations and individual donors. Contributors include Avon and Avon Foundation for Women, Johnson & Johnson, the United Nations Foundation, M*A*C AIDS Fund, Zonta International and Zonta International Foundation, as well as UN Women National Committees in Canada, Iceland, Japan, and the United Kingdom.
Africa
Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda
Project Title: “Formation of a Medico-Legal Network to Address Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict in Central and Eastern Africa”
Description: Tens of thousands of women and girls across Africa have been, and continue to be, sexually assaulted by government troops, rebel forces, and civilians. Perpetrators are rarely brought to justice due to weakened justice systems, the high stigma attached to rape, and insufficient data collection mechanisms to support prosecution. Many survivors decide not to report sexual violence for fear of reprisals and further abuse. This project will combat impunity for sexual assault by developing a functioning medico-legal system for the collection and processing of forensic evidence in rape cases. The project will operate in the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Sudan, and Uganda, where the International Criminal Court is currently investigating rape as a war crime. A key objective is to guarantee the success of these investigations. Physicians for Human Rights and its implementing partner Tukomeshe Unajisi Network (a medico-legal network of 25 Kenyan organizations) will train local legal and medical professionals to create a network of specialized forensic experts. These experts will be linked in a regional advocacy coalition with other key stakeholders, including grassroots women’s groups. Experts will be equipped to implement innovative technologies such as cell phone applications for remote forensic photography.
Liverpool VCT, Care and Treatment Kenya
Project Title: “Strengthening Implementation of Functional Medico-Legal Framework to Scale-up GBV Services”
Description: At least 1 in 5 women of reproductive age suffer sexual violence in Kenya. The law mandates protective measures for rape survivors, sets minimum sentences for perpetrators, and establishes a framework for standardized service delivery. However, a weak justice system, in combination with severe rape-related stigma and lack of standard referral procedures, has resulted in low reporting and conviction rates with many survivors receiving no support services at all. This project will improve access to services for rape survivors by standardizing care. An added objective is to prevent sexual violence by guaranteeing stronger and more coordinated interventions by civil society, service providers, and government authorities in the health, justice and law enforcement sectors. The project will benefit rape survivors all over Kenya. Liverpool VCT and its implementing partner, the Federation of Women Lawyers – Kenya (FIDA), will engage government agencies to strengthen existing treatment protocols for survivors of sexual violence, develop mechanisms for collecting and preserving evidence for prosecutions, and establish comprehensive data collection systems. LVCT will also set up a secretariat to support coordination amongst civil society organizations and government stakeholders. The secretariat will become an integral part of the government’s response to sexual violence, thus ensuring continuity in care.
Sonke Gender Justice Network Kenya, Rwanda, Sierra Leone
Project Title: “Engaging men to strengthen the implementation of GBV laws and policies and promote gender equality”
Description: More than 1 in 3 women suffer sexual or physical violence at the hands of their intimate partners in Kenya, Rwanda, and Sierra Leone. Victims and perpetrators alike often justify the violence by reference to stereotyped gender roles and prevalent notions regarding women’s inferiority to men. All three countries have laws and policies aimed at the prevention and punishment of gender-based violence, but most are deficient and poorly implemented. Men and boys are rarely engaged in prevention efforts that, as a result, remain incomplete. The project aims to advocate for laws and policies in the target countries that fully engage men and boys in violence prevention. Sonke will work through its MenEngage country networks and partner organizations to evaluate the gaps in implementation of existing laws and policies on gender-based violence and HIV across Southern and Eastern Africa, and to build capacity for advancing a more complete legal framework. The project will directly challenge social norms regarding domestic violence among men and boys and encourage them to act to prevent violence against women in their communities.
Southern Africa HIV and AIDS Information Dissemination Service (SAfAIDS) Lesotho, Malawi
Project Title: “Engaging traditional leaders in the prevention of HIV and gender-based violence in Lesotho and Malawi”
Description: Violence against women is intrinsically linked with the HIV/AIDS epidemic. It has conservatively been estimated that, in Africa, at least 1 in 7 new infections could be prevented through the elimination of domestic violence. In Lesotho and Malawi, domestic violence and HIV/AIDS are at epidemic levels and the inequalities that fuel them are exacerbated by discriminatory customary laws. Communities often defer to traditional leaders, many of whom do not see gender equality as a priority. This project seeks to generate cultural change from within by harnessing community resources and engaging traditional leaders and other men as agents for change. The project will empower communities to discuss taboo topics such as sexual violence and HIV. The Southern Africa HIV and AIDS Information Dissemination Service will expand its existing and highly successful “Changing the Rivers Flow” project to generate positive cultural changes in communities in Lesotho and Malawi. They will train community-based organizations, including faith-based organizations, to generate dialogues about domestic violence and HIV. The communities themselves will identify harmful practices and methods of modifying them in close cooperation with traditional leaders.
Coalition of Women Living with HIV and AIDS (COWLHA) Malawi
Project Title: “Leveraging Strategies of Positive Action towards Reducing Violence Against Women living with HIV”
Description: Women constitute almost 60 percent of those living with HIV in Malawi, and young women in particular are overrepresented amongst new cases. Women with HIV experience harassment and violence at levels far outweighing the abuse directed at their male counterparts. This project seeks to tackle the myths and stereotypes that underpin violence against women generally, and specifically as they relate to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The project will exploit synergies between existing interventions on HIV prevention and the eradication of gender-based violence, and will operate in 12 districts throughout the country. The Coalition of Women Living with HIV and AIDS (COWLHA) is uniquely qualified to address the issue from an empowering and survivor-centered perspective. COWLHA will work with women, men, and traditional leaders to challenge the norms that fuel abuse. These same communities will be mobilized to advocate for more effective laws, including a law criminalizing marital rape. COWLHA will upscale an earlier project addressing the intersection of violence and HIV and pilot additional components including training women as paralegals to document cases of violence, establishing victim support units, and engaging social welfare officers.
International Rescue Committee Sierra Leone
Project Title: “Let’s Promote Justice for Our Women and Girls in Sierra Leone”
Description: Although the civil war has ended in Sierra Leone, women and girls remain extremely vulnerable to abuse. Violence against women and domestic violence, in particular, increased during the conflict and is still very prevalent throughout the country. Authorities rarely intervene in family disputes, which are considered to be a private matter. Despite recent laws promoting gender equality, the law still inadequately protects women against violence and conviction rates are alarmingly low. This project will bridge the gaps in existing legislation while promoting a more consistent response to violence. The project will seek to increase survivor access to justice as a key element of prevention, and will build legal awareness in survivors and service providers. The International Rescue Committee will build on a year-long community-based legal education program, also supported by the UN Trust Fund. Project activities range from legal advocacy to capacity-building with justice officials and grassroots awareness-raising. Traditional leaders will be engaged to support the enforcement and monitoring of laws, ensuring local ownership and context-appropriate implementation. The IRC’s implementing partner, Timap for Justice, will pilot mobile legal clinics in 2 districts to provide paralegal support and training for survivors.
AIDS Legal Network South Africa
Project Title: “Documenting and addressing violence and other rights abuses as experienced by positive women”
Description: South Africa has one of the highest rates of HIV infection in the world. Women in abusive relationships are particularly at risk of infection due to the threat of further violence, abandonment or loss of economic support if they attempt to negotiate safer sex or refuse sex. Intimate partner violence also severely hampers HIV-positive women’s ability to access and stay on treatment. While there are protection policies in place in South Africa, implementation remains a key challenge. This project will improve access to HIV testing, treatment, and care for women in abusive relationships by engaging both service providers and the women themselves. The project will empower women to demand the rights and services they are entitled to, and increase awareness on the intersection between violence and HIV. The project will cover three of the hardest hit provinces in South Africa. The AIDS Legal Network (ALN) will employ a number of strategies, including community based workshops and lobbying, as well as capacity-building with health care providers and policy makers. The ALN will leverage its existing partnerships with HIV positive women’s networks and community based organizations in the target provinces.
American Refugee Committee Republic of South Sudan
Project Title: “Integrated Governmental and Community-based Strategy for Response and Prevention of Violence against Women in South Sudan”
Description: South Sudan emerged as an independent country in July 2011 after two decades of war. Many communities continue to be displaced, and government infrastructure to address gender-based violence is severely compromised. Women and girls are at risk of violence as a direct result of the conflict and displacement, and because intimate partner violence was prevalent prior to the war. This project will introduce an integrated model for the prevention of and response to violence against women, involving both government and civil society actors. The project will expand available services through training service providers and improving coordination between existing care units. The project covers 5 of South Sudan’s 10 counties, reaching an estimated 4 million people. The American Refugee Committee (ARC) will upscale a pilot project covering six counties to enable the new government to address violence. The project will train service providers – primarily health, police and social workers – in managing and delivering effective services and referrals to survivors. The project will also develop guidelines for the clinical management of rape services and an information management system to collect timely, confidential data. At the community level, ARC will engage male religious and community leaders to challenge the myths that fuel violence against women.
Americas and the Caribbean
Ministry of Social Affairs Grenada
Project Title: “State Response to End Violence against Women- Legislative and Policy Reform Implementation”
Description: Pervasive intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women and girls in Grenada is underpinned by widespread sexual harassment. The World Health Organization links the extremely high levels of sexual violence against children in Grenada with the lowest average age of sexual initiation in the world: on average, girls in Grenada have sex for the first time at age 10. Up until recently, applicable laws and policies were archaic and, as a result, ineffective. New laws and anti-violence protocols now complement the government’s toolbox on gender-based violence, enabling it to address the issue more comprehensively. All that is needed is a broad push for implementation. The Ministry of Social Affairs will lead a multi-sectoral initiative to increase outreach to survivors, improve the quality of health and justice services, and coordinate systematic data collection to ensure accountability. The project will link up and engage police and law enforcement officials, the justice sector, social services, health personnel, the education system, faith-based organizations, trade unions, women’s organizations, and policy makers. In order to address impunity, the project will create a special victims unit in several of the key state agencies, including the police force.
Católicas por el Derecho a Decidir Mexico
Project Title: “Contributing to the effective implementation of the Law for a life Free of Violence against Women in Mexico and the Inter-American Court Sentences in the case of Campo Algodonero”
Description: Femicide has been on the rise in Mexico and the alarming levels of impunity are reflective of a pattern of systematic violence against women. A recent study documented close to 2,000 murders of women in 18 of Mexico’s 32 independent jurisdictions in 2009-2010. The government’s approach to the violence has been characterized as inadequate by international human rights bodies. This project will improve protection for women by ensuring the implementation of the relevant laws and recommendations made to the Mexican government by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in its recent rulings regarding the violence. The project will operate in 20 of Mexico’s 32 jurisdictions. Católicas por el Derecho a Decidir will take the lead on implementation on behalf of a national network of 48 civil society organizations and local government entities including the National Citizen’s Observatory on Femicide. The project will standardize protocols for criminal investigation, consolidate data-collection to ensure accountability, and generate procedures for effective knowledge-sharing and targeted police interventions.
Municipal government of the city of Lima Peru
Project Title: “Articulation of Policies and Actions to Combat Violence Against Women”
Description: In Peru, an estimated 6 of every 10 women are victims of intimate partner violence, with poorer communities in Lima and in rural Peru particularly vulnerable to abuse. A combination of stigma, inadequate laws, and weak state institutions discourages women from reporting violence, contributing to a prevailing sense of impunity. This project is an initiative by the city of Lima, for the first time headed by a female mayor, to make Lima an inclusive city without discrimination and address violence both at home and on the streets. The project will generate change at all levels, from the structural to the individual, resulting in less violence and more justice and care. The project focuses on Lima, with special attention given to 5 particularly affected areas. The Municipality of Lima heads the project, in collaboration with the School of Public Health at the University Cayetano. The project employs gender budgeting and consolidated planning to ensure that the city’s approach to gender-based violence is in line with national and international standards and appropriately funded. City health and justice officials will be trained to support survivors of abuse, and male perpetrators will be engaged through transformative training to actively counter further violence.
UN Country Team (UNICEF, UNDP, UN Women, UNFPA, IOM, WHO, UNESCO) Uruguay
Project Title: “Uruguay United to End Violence against Women, Girls and Adolescents”
Description: In Uruguay, domestic violence represents more than half of crimes against persons, and there are more police reports related to domestic violence than to robberies. A growing arsenal of targeted laws and policies has not been able to eliminate the practice. There is an urgent need to increase and improve justice and health services for survivors, train public service providers, and ensure effective coordination between the large number of government agencies involved in violence prevention and investigation. This project will sustain an existing and strong partnership between 7 UN agencies, 12 government entities and a network of more than 30 civil society organizations. The project is national in scope, and will streamline coordination of government and civil society efforts to end violence, and gather evidence to ensure accountability and effectiveness. The approach builds on the experience collected through Uruguay’s 2004-2010 Action Plan to End Domestic Violence. The effort will also include systematic data collection, which will help identify which components of the multiple interventions work and which need to be revised.
Arab States
International Medical Corps Iraq
Project Title: “Gender-based violence in Iraq: prevention and service strengthening”
Description: Despite a lack of reliable data there is no doubt that violence against women and girls in Iraq is very common, ranging from sexual assault on the street to domestic violence and child abuse. Almost 8 years after the invasion, the country suffers high levels of insecurity and many Iraqis continue to be displaced from their homes. As a result and due to a widespread belief that many forms of gender-based violence are justified, survivors suffer in silence and without support. The project will advance the understanding of violence against women as a crime. It will improve survivor access to medical and legal services and further coordination between government and civil society service providers. The project’s awareness-raising component will focus on Baghdad initially with a view to increase access to services across the country. International Medical Corps (IMC) will carry out a survey as basis for a multi-media campaign on gender-based violence and its destabilizing effects on Iraqi society. IMC will also scale-up its existing legal literacy workshops and other support programs through 9 community-based women’s empowerment groups and 4 Women’s Centers. The project will work directly with the Ministry of Health to ensure that all health care providers are trained to detect and treat survivors of gender-based violence.
Asia and the Pacific
Fair Wear Foundation Bangladesh, India
Project Title: “Anti-harassment committee and violence prevention system in export-oriented garment factories”
Description: Sixty percent of employees in the export-oriented garment industry in South India and Bangladesh are women, and more than half have experienced some form of workplace abuse. Both countries have legal protections in place against workplace violence, but commitment and resources for implementation are often lacking. This project will improve working conditions and reduce workplace violence in export-oriented garment factories. The project targets 3 production cities in Bangladesh and India for enhanced labour monitoring and remediation systems, with a view to up-scaling best practices to other countries and industries. The project will build and improve relationships between workers, export-oriented garment factories, and the European companies that outsource to them. Fair Wear Foundation (FWF) and its European member companies (many of whom source their garments in Bangladesh and India) will leverage their influence to support factories in reducing workplace violence. Outsourcing companies will be informed of the nature and frequency of violence in their supply chains, and will be given information on how to address these issues in factory negotiations. In Bangladesh and India, the project will engage 25,000 employees and managers at 50 factories to build systems to address workplace violence. The project also includes a training component to provide workers with tools to establish anti-harassment committees.
CARAM Asia Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka
Project Title: “Legal and social support programme for female migrant workers”
Description: Asian women are the fastest growing category of international migrants, with women comprising over 60 percent of workers leaving the Philippines, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka. Most travel to carry out domestic work in neighboring countries. Many end up suffering horrendous abuses and violence at the hands of employers and labor agents. In the worst situations, women and girls are trapped in situations of forced labor or have been trafficked into forced domestic work in conditions akin to slavery. This project will prevent violence against women who migrate from Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Nepal, and Sri Lanka to work as domestic workers in Malaysia and scale-up legal and health services for those who have already suffered abuse. Migrant domestic workers will be both direct beneficiaries of the project and participate actively in its implementation. CARAM Asia will work with 6 local implementing partners to raise awareness about abuses committed against migrant women, and to improve available legal aid and psychosocial services. The project targets government officials and service providers directly, and supports civil society organizations in providing more and better services for victims of abuse. In sending countries, the project partners will provide pre-departure information to migrants on violence and exploitation, and on applicable laws and support services.
Victims Support Section of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) Cambodia
Project Title: “Promoting Gender Justice in Cambodia’s Transitional Justice Process”
Description: In Cambodia, the survivors of gender-based crimes committed under the Khmer Rouge face many barriers to justice. Cases regarding forced marriage, sexual violence, and mutilation of genitals are currently being processed in the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) which was established to try Khmer Rouge officials for serious violations of Cambodian and international law. Due to the stigmatization of the types of violence inflicted and the silence surrounding these crimes, many women abandon their claims or are unable to engage meaningfully with the courts. This project will strengthen the chambers’ ability to process and analyze gender-based claims, and enhance the ability of survivors to engage as active participants in the pursuit of justice. The ultimate aim is to ensure acknowledgement of past incidents of gender-based violence, in particular forced marriage. ECCC will provide training to court officials and other stake-holders, and improves women’s legal literacy. The project also expands access to quality psychosocial services, and provides logistical support for complainants. The project will establish a permanent working group to pool relevant expertise of civil society and the courts. In addition, the project will further national truth-seeking on gender-based crimes through national women’s forums and the use of mass media.
Karnataka Health Promotion Trust (KHPT) India
Project Title: “Community Initiative to Address Violence against Female Sex Workers in Karnataka, India”
Description: In India, violence against sex workers is socially tolerated. In the state of Karnataka, over 25 percent of sex workers report having been physically abused or raped during the past year, and many more sex workers face emotional and verbal abuse. Police raids to ‘rescue’ sex workers have only led to further abuse. The project empowers sex workers in the state of Karnataka through building awareness of the violence they suffer as a human rights violation. The project is situated within existing prevention strategies to address HIV/AIDS, and will strengthen accountability for both violence and HIV interventions by gathering evidence on their use. The Karnataka Health Promotion Trust (KHPT) has had demonstrable success with an existing project, which will be expanded, showing a reduction in police violence against female sex workers, an increase in reporting of non-police violence, and an increase of positive media coverage of sex workers. The project will support sex workers in human rights literacy, increase data collection and reporting of violence, while boosting legal aid, counseling, and medical services. The project will also provide training for intimate partners and owners of brothels on gender equality and HIV.
Rifka Annisa Indonesia
Project Title: “Establishing Integrated Response for Women Survivors of Violence through Integration of Domestic Violence Eradication Act into Shariah Law in Indonesia”
Description: One in 4 women in Indonesia suffers violence at the hands of her intimate partner during her lifetime. Most cases reported to the authorities are dealt with by religious courts, where judges rarely refer to the country’s legislation on domestic violence. Many incidents of intimate partner violence are relegated as evidence in divorce proceedings in these courts, and perpetrators go unpunished while survivors do not benefit from the protections available in the law. This project seeks to engage the religious courts and their judges as key partners in the fight against violence against women. In addition, the project promotes prevention by challenging gender stereotypes that fuel violence. Throughout the 3-year project cycle, Rifka Annisa, a women’s organization with national reach, will employ a variety of strategies including structural interventions to improve service delivery to survivors, training of court officials and judges, and community mobilization in 4 provinces focused on cultural change. The project aims to achieve binding policies to compel all religious courts to apply the law on domestic violence. Another key component will be equipping the religious courts to provide effective counseling for behavioral change to prevent further violence.
Samoa Victim Support Group Inc. Samoa
Project Title: “Empowerment of women in village Samoa to combat violence”
Description: Physical and sexual violence in the home is common in Samoa, where prevailing norms justify abuse as an inevitable part of family life. The majority of Samoa’s population lives in small village communities with rigid family structures, which contributes to a situation where women suffering violence feel obligated to stay with the perpetrator. The police often prioritizes reconciliation processes over justice with no discernible effect to prevent abuse. Focusing on villages in rural Samoa, this project engages community leaders and traditional elders to advocate for a more comprehensive response to gender-based violence. The project will also build awareness about women’s roles as valuable parts of their communities, and consolidate gains through building networks between grassroots organizations. The Samoa Victim Support Group (SVSG) will garner the knowledge and contacts from its 2010 awareness-raising campaign on domestic violence. SVSG will train all stakeholders, including police, community leaders, and survivors of violence, to identify and address gender-based abuse at its root. Women will gain legal literacy and increased access to community support and justice.
Europe and Central Asia
Be active. Be emancipated. Republic of Croatia
Project Title: “Coming Out of the Dark – Helping Women Victims of Domestic Violence Become Independent”
Description: Domestic violence affects 1 in 3 Croatian families. Despite legal and institutional frameworks to address the problem, concrete support mechanisms remain limited and few women can leave violent relationships. Operating in Vukovar Srijem County, a particularly disadvantaged rural region, this project will empower women in abusive relationships to make independent choices by giving them tools to build better lives for themselves and their children. The project will also change popular attitudes toward intimate relationships in youth, thereby preventing further violence. Be active. Be emancipated. (B.a.B.e.) is a civil society organization with a strong track record in gender equality and women’s rights work. B.a.B.e. established the first women’s shelter in the Vukovar Srijem County, and will use its connections and experience to pilot a psychosocial rehabilitation model, providing survivors with individually tailored legal, health care, housing, and employment support services. The model will help guide public policy recommendations on the social inclusion and economic empowerment of other marginalized groups at various levels of government. The prevention component will focus on the design of an elementary school curriculum on gender equality and non-violent conflict resolution.
Ukrainian Foundation for Public Health Ukraine
Project Title: “Violence-free: Empowering Disadvantaged Women and Girls”
Description: Violence against women is widespread in Ukraine. There is no coordination of services, and survivors often meet with ridicule and neglect in the health and justice systems, further compounding the abuse they have suffered. Marginalized women, such as women living with HIV/AIDS or those living on the streets, are particularly exposed and excluded from the services offered by state crisis centers. This project covers the unmet need for quality services especially for those currently excluded from care. The project solves the coordination problem between service providers and outreach workers. The first year will focus on Kyiv, to be up-scaled to cover an additional 3 cities during the following 2 years. The Ukrainian Foundation for Public Health (UFPH) will convene all relevant stakeholders to mold Ukraine’s disparate legislation and programs on violence against women and HIV into one cohesive approach. UFPH will build on the experience of a former UN Trust Fund grant recipient in Russia to establish a referral and service system for women survivors of violence living with HIV. Through community organizations, UFPH will provide training to both women and men in the marginalized communities it seeks to serve, with a view to transforming their relationships.
Cross-Regional
Oxfam Novib Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Egypt, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Vietnam
Project Title: “Pop Culture with a Purpose: Global Partnership on Edutainment Media for Social Change”
Description: Violence against women affects at least 75 percent of all women worldwide at some point in their lives. Most countries have laws to prevent and punish the violence, but responses have been inadequate, and have not eradicated the impunity perpetrators too often enjoy. Continued violence and the silence that engulfs it are justified by men and women alike with reference to prevailing norms and culture. This project will change the entrenched notion that violence against women is “normal” and inevitable. The project targets 12 countries in Asia and Africa with particularly high levels of violence against women and a prevailing discourse that normalizes abuse. The main vehicle for change is Edutainment (Education Entertainment), a proven approach that combines mass communication of positive and locally-specific content with community mobilization. Oxfam Novib will lead the initiative, working with Soul City Institute (South Africa), Breakthrough (India), and Puntos de Encuentro (Nicaragua)—all one time grantees of the UN Trust Fund with experience in the field of Edutainment. The project supports women’s organizations in the 12 target countries to develop and implement Edutainment strategies on violence and discrimination. The fourth co-implementing partner, Communications Initiative (Canada) will focus on knowledge-sharing and networking between the groups to build capacity and improve results.
